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.SM1. Software:
common deficiencies in software; the need for remedies and an
effective method of managing software development. Software
engineering methods. The stages in the software life cycle
specification of requirements, design, review, detailed design,
coding, testing, documentation and maintenance. SM2.
Specification and Design Methodology: the properties of a sound
specification. Reviews. Aims of a program design methodology. The
style and presentation of programs. Detailed design and development
methods top down design, decomposition, stepwise refinement.
Modularity. The use of flowcharts, pseudocode, decision tables and
other methods. SM3. Program Structures: the components and
organisation of programs. Syntax and semantics. Data types.
Declaration of data items. Operations on data. Control structures
sequence, selection and repetition. Functions and procedures
(subroutines). SM4. Data Structures: grouping of data items. One
dimensional and two-dimensional arrays, strings and records. Array
subscripts; row and column operations. String and sub string
operations. Fixed length records. Simple processes on sorting,
searching, and insertion. SM5. File Organisation, Access and
Processing: serial, sequential and indexed sequential operation.
Accessing and updating records. Hash (scatter) storage. File media
constraints. SM6. Common Processes (algorithms): sorting,
searching and merging on the data structures. Simple random number
techniques. SM7. Errors and Testing: Types of errors in software
syntax, logical and run time. Stages of testing unit, integration,
system and acceptance. White box and black box techniques.
Construction of test data and test plans. Reviews. SM8.
Programming Languages: four main generations machine code, assembly,
high level and application generator. Comparison of the main
features and facilities. Factors influencing the choice of language
for typical applications. Detailed knowledge of facilities and
limitations of one common high level language. Special purpose
languages. SM9. The Development Environment: the operating
system, text editor, compiler, interpreter, assembler and debugging
facilities roles of each. Comparison between compilation and
interpretation. Stages in compilation. One pass and two pass
assemblers operation. Debugging with single step and trace
facilities. SM10. Performance: Process times of common algorithms
with large data sets. Processes restricted by the performance of the
CPU, peripherals or disc. Common reasons for slow execution or
response time. Possible improvements. Cylinder organisation of disc
files. Approximate memory requirements of common processes or
packages. SM11. Fourth Generation Language: detailed working
knowledge of a common database language. Record structure
definition. File creation. Data entry and amendment. Screen
formatting. Report generation. Indexing. Searching. Database
commands and the development of programs.
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